Optical Computing Technology

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With the growth of computing technology the need of high performance computers (HPC) has significantly increased. Optics has been used in computing for a number of years but the main emphasis has been and continues to be to link portions of computers, for communications, or more intrinsically in devices that have some optical application or component (optical pattern recognition etc.)

Optical computing was a hot research area in 1980?s.But the work tapered off due to materials limitations that prevented optochips from getting small enough and cheap enough beyond laboratory curiosities. Now, optical computers are back with advances in self-assembled conducting organic polymers that promise super-tiny of all optical chips.

Optical computing technology is, in general, developing in two directions. One approach is to build computers that have the same architecture as present day computers but using optics that is Electro optical hybrids. Another approach is to generate a completely new kind of computer, which can perform all functional operations in optical mode. In recent years, a number of devices that can ultimately lead us to real optical computers have already been manufactured. These include optical logic gates, optical switches, optical interconnections and optical memory.

Current trends in optical computing emphasize communications, for example the use of free space optical interconnects as a potential solution to remove ?Bottlenecks? experienced in electronic architectures. Optical technology is one of the most promising, and may eventually lead to new computing applications as a consequence of faster processing speed, as well as better connectivity and higher bandwidth.

 

Optical computing describes a new technological approch for constructing computer?s processors and other components. Instead of the current approach of electrically transmitting data along tiny wires etched in to silicon. Optical computing employs a technology called silicon photonics that uses laser light instead. This use of optical lasers overcome the constrains associated with heat disipation in today?s components and allows much more information to be stored and transmitted in the same amount of space.
Optical? computing ?means performing ?computations, ?operations, ?storage and transmission of data using light. Instead of silicon chips optical computer uses ?organic ?polymers like ?phthalocyanine ????????? and polydiacetylene. Optical technology promises massive upgrades in the efficiency and speed of computers, as ?well ?as? significant ?shrinkage ?in ?their ?size ?and ?cost. ?An ?optical ?desktop computer is capable of processing data up to 1,00,000 times faster than current models.

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