Introduction:
Cost reduction pressures and the need for shortened in-patient stays are promoting the use of wireless patient monitoring systems in hospitals. Their contribution to better process management, superior flexibility and increased efficiency within hospitals is further underlining the appeal of wireless networking options for patient monitoring systems.
Attracted by the many clinical and economic benefits of this technology, including its ability to relieve health authorities of huge cost pressures, Germany, France and the U.K. have emerged as early adopters of wireless networking in hospitals. As awareness about the benefits of wireless monitoring grows, analysts said uptake levels across other European countries are poised to increase significantly. The creation of customized solutions for individual hospital requirements will also boost implementation levels in the near- to mid-term. The deployment of wireless systems involves several technical considerations that might prove expensive for hospitals.
Implementation Methodology:
In one embodiment the system has a first patient monitoring subsystem including a plurality of sensors and sensor modules; and a processor-transceiver in communication with the plurality of sensors and sensor modules; and a first clinician display subsystem including a microcontroller and GSM modem. The microcontroller and GSM modem of the first clinician display subsystem broadcasts.
Here we are tacking the input parameters as heart beat this is sensed by frontend electronics circuit and then the heart beat is calculated with real-time clock, if the heart beat is greater than the predefined level the information is send to the concerned person with required details
The proposed system will be as shown in fig 1.0
Proposed Block Diagram:
Monitoring System
ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS
ADVANTAGES:
Zigbee technology enables doctor to monitor the patients conditions even sitting in his room .
Doctor will get call when patients body temperature and heart beat rises so that he can take precautionary .measures even though he will be in remote place.
Patient care takers can monitor the equipment easily.
LIMITATIONS:
Bitter Expensive.
Accumulation of noise with ECG signal.
Communication for longer distance is quite difficult through Zigbee technology
Interference of noise in GSM modem due to high Radio frequency signals.
Accuracy will be less.
FUTURE SCOPE
Monitoring the patient’s condition can be done by using biomedical telemetry method where there is a mobile communication between microcontrollers. The temperature, heart beat and blood pressure are all sensed by using the appropriate sensors which are placed near the patient’s body that is under investigation. The biomedical telemetry system consists of temperature sensor, heart beat sensor, pressure sensor, A/D converter, signal conditioning circuit, microcontroller, data cable, mobile phone, LCD display. The temperature sensor is used to sense the temperature value of the patient’s body.
The sensed output is given to A/D converter where the analog signal is converted to digital signal. The digital output is given to microcontroller. The microcontroller delivers the signal for mobile phone through data cable. Then the signal is transmitted to other mobile through GSM network. The receiver mobile receives the signal and it is given for a PC. The signal from data cable is given to PC and the value gets displayed using monitor. The pressure sensor is used to sense the pressure value of the patient’s body .The sensed output is given to A/D converter where the analog signal is converted to digital signal. The digital output is given to microcontroller.
The microcontroller delivers the signal for mobile phone through data cable. Then the signal is transmitted to other mobile through GSM network. The receiver mobile receives the signal and it is given for a PC. The signal from data cable is given to PC and the value gets displayed using monitor. Heart beat can be sensed by using heart beat sensor which is then given to a signal conditioning circuit. This unit delivers a train of pulses to microcontroller and the value gets displayed using LCD display.
CONCLUSION
We presented the design and implementation of a Remote Patient Monitoring system based on wireless technology using a cellular phone, to send an SMS (Short Message Service) to the medical staff. The proposed system combines two commonly used technologies namely, Global System for Mobile (GSM) and Zigbee technology. This indeed is an easy, practical, inexpensive and yet very effective way for transmitting vital information to the healthcare staff and healthcare providers.
The system monitors patient's health status, such as ECG, heart rate, and temperature. In case, the value for any of these parameters exceeds preset critical values, the position parameters, from the attached GPS module, are transmitted to pre-defined phone number in form of SMS using a GSM module.
All the information obtained from the human body from sensors and ECG filter circuit is then transmitted to the microcontroller system as digital values. The values obtained from like ECG, heart rate and temperature is also displayed on to the attached LCD in alphanumerical form. In the conclusion we consider how this system can be further improved in future, may be by adding new type of sensors as well as using new approaches for the security and triggering alarm.
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